1. 一般名词+s
apple-apples, book-books
2. 以s,x,ch,sh结尾+es
class-classes, fox-foxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
注:部分以o结尾+es(黑人英雄爱吃芒果土豆西红柿)
negro-negroes, hero-heroes, mango-mangoes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
但是radio-radios, photo-photos
3. 以f或fe结尾的,去掉f或fe+ves
shelf-shelves, wife-wives
常见以f或fe结尾,变复数要去掉f或fe的单词
妻子(1)拿刀(2)去宰狼(3),
小偷(4)见了心发慌,
躲在架(5)下保自(6)命(7),
半(8)条(9)树叶(10)遮目光。
1 wife, 2 knife, 3 wolf, 4 thief, 5 shelf, 6 self, 7 life, 8 half, 9 loaf, 10 leaf
4. 辅音+y结尾,去掉y+ies
baby-babies,city-cities,family-families
注:元音+y结尾,直接+s。boy-boys
5. 特殊变化:
A:改a为e型
Frenchman-Frenchmen, man-men, woman-women
B:改oo为ee型
foot-feet, tooth-teeth
C:在词尾+ren
child-children
D:其他特殊变化
mouse-mice
E:单复数相同
sheep, deer, police, Chinese, Japanese
F:有些名词只用于复数形式
trousers, socks, shoes, gloves, glasses
G:“某国人”的单复数变化
中日不变,英法变,其余后面s填
Chinese和Japanese单复数相同
Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-Frenchmen
German-Germans, American-Americans, Australian-Australians
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